Tool Magazine Troubleshooting Method of 5-axis Machining Center

A large 5-axis machining center can perform milling, drilling, reaming, boring, screwing, tapping and other processes, and the tools used are completely different. This requires a five-axis machine tool with a tool magazine. When completing different processing requirements, the tool magazine can be changed through computer program control to achieve different processing requirements. However, the quality of the tool magazine directly affects the work efficiency and processing capabilities of the machining center. The tool magazine of a CNC machining center has a complex structure and frequently moves during work, which may cause some common faults. Therefore, when discovering the tool magazine of a machining center, If there is a fault, it should be inspected and repaired, otherwise the whole machine will stop working.

Common faults and solutions for five-axis machining center tool magazines, as well as key points for tool magazine maintenance:

The main faults of the tool magazine of the CNC machining center are: the tool magazine cannot rotate or does not rotate in place, the tool falls out when the tool is changed, the tool does not load tightly, and the tool magazine gets stuck, etc.

1. The tool magazine cannot rotate or does not rotate in place. The reasons why the tool magazine cannot rotate may be:

①The coupling connecting the motor shaft and worm shaft is loose;

② If the inverter fails, check whether the input and output voltages of the inverter are normal;

③The plc has no control output, which may be due to the failure of the relay in the interface board;

④The mechanical connection is too tight;

⑤The grid voltage is too low;

2. Tools drop when changing tools: When changing tools, the spindle box does not return to the tool change point or the tool change point drifts. The manipulator does not grasp the tool in place and starts to pull the tool out, which will cause the tool to drop during tool change. At this time, the spindle box should be moved again to return to the tool change point and the tool change point should be reset;

3. The tool is not clamped tightly and the tool falls off: The reason may be that the spring pressure of the clamping claw is too small; or the nut behind the spring is loose; or the tool is overweight; or the manipulator clamping lock does not work, etc.

4. The reason why the tool is stuck in the tool magazine: the orientation angle of the spindle is incorrect, and the running of the orientation angle is generally caused by impact, or there is a problem with the spindle synchronization tooth belt, resulting in an error in the orientation angle. Inaccurate orientation will also cause Causes problems such as abnormal tool changing in the tool magazine; the position of the tool changing origin is abnormal. If the vertical machining center has a collision accident due to misoperation, etc., it is most likely to cause the tool changing origin to be incorrect, which is manifested as the tool arm when changing the tool. There will be abnormal noises when pulling out and loading the knife, which may even cause the knife to jam. Over time, the knife arm will be damaged.

Maintenance points of CNC machining center tool magazine

1. It is strictly prohibited to load overweight and overlong tools into the tool magazine to prevent the tool from falling or the tool from colliding with the workpiece, fixture, etc. when the manipulator changes the tool.

2. In the sequential tool selection method, you must pay attention to the correct order of placing the tools in the tool magazine. In other tool selection methods, you must also pay attention to whether the replaced tools are consistent with the required tools to prevent accidents caused by replacing the wrong tools.

3. When installing the knife into the tool magazine manually, make sure it is installed in place and securely, and check whether the locking device on the tool holder is reliable.

4. Always check whether the zero return position of the tool magazine is correct, and check whether the position of the machine tool spindle returning to the tool change point is in place. If problems are found, make timely adjustments, otherwise the tool change action cannot be completed.

5. Pay attention to keeping the tool handle and knife sleeve clean.

6. When starting up, the tool magazine and manipulator should be run dry first, and check whether all parts are working normally, especially whether the travel switch and solenoid valve can operate normally. Check whether the pressure of the manipulator's hydraulic system is normal and whether the tool is reliably locked on the manipulator. If abnormalities are found, they should be dealt with promptly.